Accurate prediction of solute transport in carbonate porous media matters for global energy and hydrology. Multimodal carbonates exhibit complex behavior requiring non-conventional transport physics. This thesis investigates conservative and reactive solute transport in Indiana limestone through coreflooding experiments and reactive transport modeling, addressing three solute classes: tracers, surfactants, and scale inhibitors. Solute transport in carbonate rocks requires multi-zone transport models under non-equilibrium conditions. 

We numerically confirm mass conservation of Robin-Neumann boundary conditions in the conservative tracer advection-dispersion equation at high dispersivity, characteristic of heterogeneous carbonates. We then introduce a new 1D model for non-equilibrium tracer migration from the aqueous to the oil phase (non-equilibrium partitioning). Applying this model to published interwell tracer data yielded a physically tied estimate of remaining oil saturation. We further add to the model an extra oil-rich baffle zone and uncover extra oil, previously overlooked. Our 1D partitioning tracer model, along with its rigorous interpretation approach, provides a standard basis for remaining-oil estimation in naturally fractured dual-porosity/dual-permeability carbonate reservoirs that do not obey standard equilibrium. 

We experimentally study transport of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in Indiana limestone via coreflooding, using a two-tier interpretation routine: first establishing conservative tracer behavior, then analyzing SDS breakthrough curves while gradually increasing model complexity in a Lakatosian research program to avoid overfitting. Long-tailed breakthrough curves are governed primarily by the microporous zone and depend on flow rate and injection concentration relative to the critical micelle concentration (CMC). We observe earlier SDS front arrival than the tracer front, attributed to size exclusion of SDS micelle aggregates. Micelle formation is confirmed via dynamic light scattering and cryo-TEM, at high background electrolyte concentration. Inclusion of dual solute-size physics (SDS molecules and micelles) into the adsorption model yields excellent agreement with observed breakthrough curves. 

In the final part, we investigate transport and precipitation of a scale inhibitor (ATMP) in Indiana limestone through static and dynamic experiments. Batch experiments reveal variable Ca/ATMP molar ratios, indicating mixed precipitate phases. A reactive transport model incorporating ATMP speciation, Ca3ATMP precipitation/dissolution, calcite reactivity, and Na/Ca ion exchange confirms Ca3ATMP as the dominant precipitating phase and accurately predicts the 1 ppm minimum inhibitor return concentration governing squeeze-treatment lifetime.